String+Theory



By Ethan Avery, Anya Rozman, and Ariana Lema = =

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= = = = = = = = = = =What is it?=

String Theory is the concept that everything in the universe is made up of tiny vibrating stings of energy. The "standard theory" of chemistry and physics, the most basic one, is that everything is made of tiny indivisible particles called atoms. Next comes the knowledge that atoms are made of electrons, protons, and neutrons. Next comes the question of what those are made up of. The answer, scientists believe, are strings.  media type="custom" key="5088411"

Imagine a string instrument such as a violin. When one of the strings is plucked it vibrates and produces a sound. By holding it down, the vibrating part can be made shorter, and thus a different sound is made as the string itself fluctuates as a different standing wave. The strings pertaining to String Theory are billions of times smaller, and although they vibrate at different frequencies, they do not make different sounds, but manifest as different particles. For exactly, one frequency will result in a proton, while another will yield a neutron. But how is it possible that everything is made of nothing but vibrations? It would not make much sense only considering the third dimension, and from their calculations physicists postulate that strings do not simply exist on our plane, but possibly extend all the way out to the tenth or eleventh dimensions. The relation between energy (the vibrations) and mass (the physical world created by the strings) has already been found by Einstein's famous equation, E=mc². Strings are also responsible for forces such as gravity and electromagnetism, simply, if energy can manifest as matter, it can manifest as a force too. The fact that these particles connect to so many things gives scientists the hope of discovering an equation that can apply to all the known matter in the universe.

=Why does it matter?=

So why is the String Theory important to us? Well, basically the String Theory is the answer to life, a way to connect all forces of nature with one profound explanation. The theory allows quantum mechanics and general relativity to coincide together in the world of physics. If this theory is proven, a scientific revolution will occur and it will become possible for us to understand all the fundamentals of the universe’s making. The String Theory is also referred to as the Theory of Everything. This theory being proven would not mean the end of scientific research. In fact, this ultimate explanation will provide the most stable foundation science has had to build on our understanding of the world. Before the Theory of Everything was surmised, there were a lot of complications with previous theories contradicting each other in many aspects. It became a matter of opinion on which was correct or which parts of each were correct. The validity of both general relativity and quantum mechanics was questioned. The Theory of Everything found a way to incorporate them both into a realistic, and also complex, theory that put down all the controversy. Many decades of confusion were brought to an end. The Theory of Everything opened a lot of doors to scientists who are now making great strides of progress in discovering the make up of the universe starting a microscopic level. It was the fresh start scientists had striven for. Most aspects of the theory are complex and hard to understand but once pieced together would put everything into perspective. It is terribly hard for one to understand that there are actually 10 dimensions, never mind adding on that everything is made of strings. It’s a huge step that people will slowly get used to over time, but in the mean time scientists are pursuing it and trying to make it so that more people will understand. The String Theory could possibly define what our universe is and is made up of. It is a huge leap in scientific research; therefore it is important for all of us to understand what it is. This is an explanation that will explain all that has been, is, and will be. So pay attention to the String Theory and everything around you will make sense.

=Relation of Chemistry=

**Interactions of Subatomic Particles**
 The different vibrations that create the different particles causes different interactions between the subatomic particles being the strong and weak nuclear forces. Likewise, strings also reinforce the idea of electrons as a standing wave, since strings are the ones vibrating in that oscillation pattern.

Strong Nuclear Force
 The strong nuclear force is the force that holds together particles in the nucleus. Without this force all matter would be hydrogen and no life could exist, however thanks to the strong nuclear force protons are able to be in the nucleus without repelling each other allowing different elements to form. The strong nuclear force while being the strongest of the four primary types of forces has a very short range essentially in the nucleus. The string theory’s explanation of the strong nuclear force is far-fetched at the very best. The strong nuclear force is created by particles with no mass ,that vibrate in the ninth and tenth dimensions, and spin twice as fast as any other particle, called mesons that bind the protons and neutrons in the nucleus. Many string theorist don’t like this theory and many have switched to the explanation offered by chromo dynamics, which stays within four dimensions.

Weak Nuclear Force and Beta Decay
 When the universe began after the big bang theory the universe was almost entirely made up of Hydrogen and Helium atoms, which is where the weak nuclear force and beta decay come into play. In the string theory the string comprising a neutron breaks down into a proton, electron and a neutrino due to the weak nuclear force. Beta decay, which gave the universe different elements, is well explained by string theory and is one of the strong chemical points of the theory. =RSS Feed=

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