Carbon+Alex+and+Alex

//** Carbon The Sixth Most Common Element in the Universe! **//


 * __Table of Contents__**
 * 1) Unique Selling Proposition
 * 2) Physical and Chemical Properties
 * 3) History
 * 4) Interesting Facts
 * 5) About Carbon and Uses (Utility)
 * 6) Comparing Carbon to other elements
 * 7) Carbon Bonding
 * 8) Pricing
 * 9) Works Cited

Carbon is a vastly important element in the world as it is a form of graphite and diamonds. Carbon is also a very flexible element that can form different geometries in a molecule. So whatever your desire is carbon can fit it. It has been known since ancient times and has since helped build the present as we know it. Do not miss this opportunity to be our carbon at an incredibly low price in various forms!
 * __Unique Selling Proposition__**

Electron Shell Configuration: (1s^2)(2s^2)(2p^2) Atomic Number: 6 Atomic Weight: 12.011 Melting Point: 6422 F (3550 C) Boiling Point: 6917 F (3825 C) Density: 2.2670 grams per cubic centimeter Phase at Room Temperature: Solid Elemental Classification Non-metal Period Number: 2 Group Number: 14 Name?: From the Latin word for charcoal (carbo) .
 * __Physical and Chemical Properties__**

Discovered in 1789 by a chemist named A.L Lavoisier this element’s use by humans dates back to the Ancient Egyptian and Sumerian time period. Back then,charcoal, (made of carbon) was used in the reduction of certain metals in order to create bronze. Carbon in charcoal form was also used for medicinal purposes in this time period to minimize odor from wounds. In 1694 Lavoisier pooled his resources with other chemists to buy a diamond which they put in a glass jar. They then focused the sun's rays on the diamond with a magnifying glass and observed that the diamond burned and disappeared. However Lavoisier noticed that the weight of the jar was unchanged and when the diamond burned it combined with oxygen to form carbon dioxide. Lavoisier concluded that the diamond and the charcoal produced were made of the same element-carbon.  .
 * __History__**



__**Interesting Facts About Carbon:**__ Did you know that...?
 * About 20% of the weight of living organisms is Carbon?
 * More compounds are known which contain carbon than don't?
 * Carbon is made within stars when they burn helium in nuclear fusion reactions. Carbon is the part of the ash formed by helium burning.
 * .

Carbon is a non-metal with an atomic weight of 12.011 grams and a 4- charge. Ancient cultures knew carbon in the form of charcoal, soot, graphite and diamonds but it was Antoine Lavoisier in 1789 that actually named the element. Carbon can be found in every single cell of every living thing on the planet. In fact, if all the water was to be squeezed out of you so all that was left was the dry dust of your person about 2/3 of that would be carbon. Many scientists call Carbon the central element of life because it acts as duct tape holding different molecules together. Carbon also has three naturally occurring isotopes in C-12, C-13, and C-14. Carbon 12 and 13 are both stable but Carbon 14 is very radioactive. Because Carbon 14 has a half life of 5,730 years it is used to find the age of fossils through a process called radiocarbon dating. Scientists are able to do date fossils with Carbon 14 by measuring the percentage of Carbon 14 left in an organism. Since scientists know the half life of Carbon 14 they are able to tell when the organism died by how much Carbon 14 is left in its remains.
 * __About Carbon and Uses:__**

Carbon also has three naturally occurring allotropes: amorphous, graphite, and diamond. Amorphous Carbon is formed when a material containing carbon is burned without enough oxygen for it to burn completely. This black soot is often used to make inks, paints, and rubber products. Graphite is another allotrope of carbon that is one of the softest materials known. Graphite does occur naturally but most graphite is produced by treating petroleum coke, a black tar residue that remains after the refinement of crude oil in an oxygen free oven. Graphite is primarily used as a lubricant however it is also used in pencils. The last allotrope of carbon is diamond which is one of the hardest substances known. Although diamonds are naturally found most diamond is produced by squeezing graphite under high temperatures and pressures for days and sometimes weeks.


 * Utility:**
 * 1) To form hydrocarbons, mainly methane gas and crude oil.
 * 2) Cellulose which is a natural carbon polymer found in plants used in cotton.
 * 3) Plastics are made from synthetic Carbon polymers.
 * 4) Graphite, a form of carbon, is used in pencils and also as an electrode in electrolysis.
 * 5) Graphite is also used as a lubricant.
 * 6) Charcoal, another form of carbon, is used for grilling (barbecue).
 * 7) Diamonds, another form of carbon, are used in jewelry and is at an incredibly high demand.
 * 8) When combined with silicon, boron, tungsten, and titanium carbon forms incredibly strong compounds used as abrasives.

. . .



__Check Out How Carbon Creates the Fuel to Power our Everyday Lives!__ media type="custom" key="12127314"

It turns out that carbon is so unique that it differs from elements that are in its own group. For example Carbon and Silicon are in the same group but Carbon dioxide and Silicon dioxide are vastly different. Carbon dioxide is a gas while silicon dioxide is a solid at room temperature. Also Silicon Dioxide has single bonds and Carbon dioxide has double bonds. Carbon is in the same group as silicon, germanium, tin, and lead. All these elements have the same number of valence electrons so they have similar bonding habits. .
 * __Comparing Carbon to other Elements:__**

Carbon's unique ability to form very strong bonds makes it one of the most important elements to a living creature's existence. Organisms count on the ability to create and organize into long repetitive structures of different complexities in order to grow and become the structure that they are.
 * __Carbon Bonding:__**

Carbon has 4 valence electrons so it has an unique ability of forming four bonds. The electronic configuration of carbon allows it to form a variety of different atomic orbitals (it can take on different geometries). In elemental substances the Carbon atoms bond to each other covalently. These covalent bonds have different properties which allows carbon to adapt into various molecular and crystalline structures. The nature of these bonds give the molecule their unique physical and chemical properties. The s-orbital and p-orbitals of carbon's second electronic shell have very similar energies so carbon can adapt to form chemical bonds with different geometries. For example diamond has a tetrahedral geometry and graphite has a triangular planar geometry. These geometries give carbon molecules unique properties. .

__Click Below for an Awesome Movie all About Carbon!__

media type="file" key="eng_CA-pending_renderscreen-6.flv" width="360" height="270" Dr. Green if you cannot watch this video then please log on to our account and watch it there. Username: 16Alex.West16 Password: Carbonnation

You can buy your Carbon now at the various offers below!
 * __Pricing:__**
 * 1) 1 Carbon Sheet (5mm thick) for only $155!
 * 2) 1 piece of Carbon foil (.2 mm thick) grams for only $90!
 * 3) A 10m Carbon Fibre yarn for only $76!

Order Now For These Unique Opportunities! <span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;"><http://www.advent-rm.com/catalogue/items.aspx?criteria=line>.

<span style="background-color: #ffffff; display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 12pt;"> "Carbon." //Periodic Table of Elements and Chemistry//. Web. 20 Jan. 2012. <http://www.chemicool.com/elements/carbon.html>. <span style="background-color: #ffffff; display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 12pt;">Gagnon, Steve. "It's Elemental - The Element Carbon." //Science Education at Jefferson Lab//. Web. 20 Jan. 2012. <http://education.jlab.org/itselemental/ele006.html>.
 * Works Cited:**

<span style="background-color: #ffffff; display: block; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue',Arial,Helvetica; font-size: 12px;"> <span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">The Five Most Important Elements." //<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Chemistry @ Queen's //<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">. Web. 20 Jan. 2012. <http://www.chem.queensu.ca/chembook/articles/Silicon.htm>.

<span style="background-color: #ffffff; display: block; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue',Arial,Helvetica; font-size: 12px;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">"Items." //<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">::..Welcome to Advent Research Materials..:: //<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">. Web. 20 Jan. 2012. <http://www.advent-rm.com/catalogue/items.aspx?criteria=line>. <span style="background-color: #ffffff; display: block; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue',Arial,Helvetica; font-size: 12px;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">"Uses of Carbon." //<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Want to Know It | Answers to Life's Questions | Everything Blog //<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">. Web. 20 Jan. 2012. <http://wanttoknowit.com/uses-of-carbon/>.

<span style="background-color: #ffffff; display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 12pt;">Winter, Mark. "Carbon | Essential Information." //WebElements Periodic Table of the Elements//. Web. 20 Jan. 2012. <http://www.webelements.com/carbon/>. <span style="background-color: #ffffff; display: block; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue',Arial,Helvetica; font-size: 12px;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">World of Carbon." //<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">INVSEE: Come, Explore The Nano-world!! //<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;"> Web. 20 Jan. 2012. <http://invsee.asu.edu/nmodules/carbonmod/bonding.html>.

Carbon Materials Research Group,. "Historical Production and Use of Carbon Materials." //www.caer.uky.edu//. Carbon Materials Research Group, 2011. Web. 20 Jan 2012. <http://www.caer.uky.edu/carbon/history/carbonhistory.shtml>.

Bentor, Y.. "Periodic Table: Carbon." //Periodic table//. N.p., 2009. Web. 20 Jan 2012. <http://www.chemicalelements.com/elements/c.html>.

Winter, M.. "Carbon." //webelements.com//. The University of Sheffield, 1993. Web. 20 Jan 2012. <http://www.webelements.com/carbon/>.

. "Carbon." . N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Jan 2012. <http://www.nyu.edu/pages/mathmol/modules/carbon/carbon1.html>.